The aim of this study was to validate the Polish adaptation of the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire, which measures the degree of self-determination in risk behaviour changes. The study comprised 219 patients, beginning to undergo treatment. The Global Motivation Scale was used to test a convergent validity. The confirmatory factor analysis did not support the theoretical four-factor model, thus an exploratory analysis was conducted to determine an optimal model across risk behaviours. The adopted two-factor model matched original TSRQ subscales: autonomous motivation (...) and external regulation. The internal consistency of factors ranging from.78 to.89. Structural equation modeling revealed the impact of global motivation on contextual motivation, limited to the equivalent type of regulation. The action aimed at supporting patient’s autonomy should consider the particular behaviour and the global motivation as a resource in disease. (shrink)

Building on our diverse research traditions in the study of reasoning, language and communication, the Polish School of Argumentation integrates various disciplines and institutions across Poland in which scholars are dedicated to understanding the phenomenon of the force of argument. Our primary goal is to craft a methodological programme and establish organisational infrastructure: this is the first key step in facilitating and fostering our research movement, which joins people with a common research focus, complementary skills and an enthusiasm to work (...) together. This statement—the Manifesto—lays the foundations for the research programme of the Polish School of Argumentation. (shrink)

In this beautifully illustrated book Maria Antonella Pelizzari traces the history of photography in Italy from its beginnings to the present as she guides us through the history of Italy and its ancient sites and Renaissance landmarks. Pelizzari specifically considers the role of photography in the formation of Italian national identity during times of political struggle, such as the lead up to Unification in 1860, and later in the nationalist wars of Mussolini’s regime. While many Italians and foreigners— such (...) as Fratelli Alinari or Carlo Ponti, John Ruskin or Kit Talbot—focused their lenses on architectural masterpieces, others documented the changing times and political heroes, creating icons of figures such as Garibaldi and the brigands. Pelizzari’s exploration of Italian visual traditions also includes the photographic collages of Bruno Munari, the neorealist work of photographers such as Franco Pinna, the bold stylized compositions of Mario Giacomelli, and the controversial images created by Oliviero Toscani for Benetton advertising in the 1980s. Featuring unpublished works and a rare selection of over one hundred images, this book will appeal to art collectors and students of art history and Italian culture. (shrink)

We empirically test the hypothesis that a major in economics, management, business administration or accounting (for simplicity referred to as Business/economics) leads to more-conservative (right-wing) political views. We use a panel dataset of individuals (repeated observations for the same individuals over time) living in the Netherlands, drawing data from the Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences from 2008 through 2013. Our results show that when using a simple fixed effects model, which fully controls for individuals’ time-invariant traits, any statistically (...) and quantitatively significant effect of a major in Business/economics on the Political Ideology of these individuals disappears. We posit that, at least in our sample, there is no evidence for a causal effect of a major in Business/economics on individuals’ Political Ideology. (shrink)

The Author traces the modern history of political concept of utopia from the publication of More’ Utopia. The historic-philosophical analysis shows that the opposition utopia vs realism and its transformations was central to develop the dialectic between reality and imagination, which is one of the axis of the western political Modernity. But, the epistemic and socio-political crisis of the XXth Century reveals the aporia and contradictions within this dialectic. However, in front of fear and angst ruling our present, the Author (...) shows that a possible way out of our crisis could be in starting up again this dialectic along giving birth to new forms of our political coexistence. (shrink)

To speak of memory and imagination implies to reflect on cosmic times that govern its inhabitants: days, months, years, centuries, millenia, million years and, also, instants. For us occurs the pass of summers and winters, days and nights, springs and autumns, watches and dreams and, also, insta..

Echeverría, Alberdi y Bilbao pueden ser considerados tres de los pensadores más representativos de las lecturas que el siglo XIX hiciera sobre la Revolución independentista en América. Sus construcciones teóricas fueron elaboradas a la luz de las consecuencias políticas de la Revolución, pero también a partir de la lectura de una serie de teóricos políticos franceses que, de manera contemporánea, pensaban el proceso revolucionario francés. Situar a estos autores en el contexto de los debates intelectuales del momento es un modo (...) de ampliar la lectura y de descubrir las principales particularidades de un pensamiento que se define ante las nuevas condiciones de la política moderna.Echeverría, Alberdi and Bilbao may be considered to be three of the finest 19th Century's interpreters of the Latin American Revolution of the Independence. Their theories were developed in light of the political consequences of the Revolution, but also based on an assessment of a series of French political philosophers that, at the same time, were thinking the French revolutionary process. Placing these authors in the context of the theoretical discussions of their time is a way to extend the understanding and to identify the singularities of a view defined on the horizon of the new conditions of the modern politics. (shrink)

In current debates about coming to terms with individual and collective wrongdoing, the concept of forgiveness has played an important but controversial role. For a long time, the idea was widespread that a forgiving attitude — overcoming feelings of resentment and the desire for revenge — was always virtuous. Recently, however, this idea has been questioned. The contributors to this volume do not take sides for or against forgiveness but rather examine its meaning and function against the backdrop of a (...) more complex understanding of moral repair in a variety of social, circumstantial, and cultural contexts. The book aims to gain a differentiated understanding of the European traditions regarding forgiveness, revenge, and moral repair that have shaped our moral intuitions today whilst also examining examples from other cultural contexts (Asia and Africa, in particular) to explore how different cultural traditions deal with the need for moral repair after wrongdoing. -/- . (shrink)

While dreaming amputees often experience a normal body image and the phantom limb may not be present. However, dreaming experiences in amputees have mainly been collected by questionnaires. We analysed the dream reports of amputated patients with phantom limb collected after awakening from REM sleep during overnight videopolysomnography . Six amputated patients underwent overnight VPSG study. Patients were awakened during REM sleep and asked to report their dreams. Three patients were able to deliver an account of a dream. In all (...) dreaming recalls, patients reported that the amputated limbs were intact and completely functional and they no longer experienced phantom limb sensations. Phantom limb experiences, that during wake result from a conflict between a pre-existing body scheme and the sensory information on the missing limb, were suppressed during sleep in our patients in favour of the image of an intact body accessed during dream. (shrink)

Este artículo examina cómo, en el campo de la Educación Formal, se encuentra por un lado todo el llamado currículo explícito, es decir todo aquello que está pautado, escrito y que se espera se cumpla por parte de los diversos actores del proceso educativo. Por el otro, el llamado currículo ocult..

(1994). Introduction. World Futures: Vol. 39, The Evolution of European Identity: Surveys of the Growing Edge A Report by the European Culture Impact Research Consortium (EUROCIRCON), pp. 1-10.

The object of this paper is to demonstrate the philological relation between justice, law and equality in ancient Greek or, that is the same, the philosophical relation between ethics, politics and economics. Actually it is interesting to examine the etymology of the word dikē which derives from the Sanskrit diś-(dik) and it refers more than to the generic idea of the «straight line» to the specific and astronomical concept of the «horizon (or skyline)», the apparent line that separates the cosmos (...) into two equal parts, the earth from the sky, meaning the same idea of equality which should be a rule of just law and ethical perfection. Moreover, according to my hypothesis Plato may have used the analogy of the horizon to explain his cosmological Doctrine of Ideas. (shrink)

O estudo examina um dos modos de realização da formação sanitária empreendida por médicos gaúchos junto a uma escola técnico profissional para trabalhadores, nas primeiras décadas deste século, no Rio Grande do Sul. Busca-se demonstrar que as ações e estratégias desencadeadas pelos médicos conferiram uma forma, uma identidade ao processo de formação, forma essa associada à constituição de sujeitos com consciência sanitária e comportamento higiênico. A investigação volta-se para a extensa rede de saberes e poderes que elegeu a escola como (...) locus privilegiado de atuação de higienistas que associaram a prática da higiene a um ideal de civilidade, urbanidade e progresso. (shrink)

Riassunto: Neuroeconomia e neuroetica sono settori delle neuroscienze cognitive che studiano i correlati neurali di aspetti distinti, sebbene strettamente interconnessi, del processo decisionale. Mentre la neuroeconomia studia i meccanismi cerebrali che guidano verso la massimizzazione dell’utilità economica personale, la neuroetica integra tali conoscenze con quelle fornite dalle neuroscienze sociali per affrontare domande tipiche dell'etica e della filosofia morale. Gli studi oggi disponibili in questo ambito vengono qui discussi al fine di mettere a confronto l’ipotesi secondo cui le scelte economiche individuali (...) e socio-morali sono supportate da un unico circuito cerebrale con differenti input specifici per dominio rispetto a quella che prevede basi cerebrali specifiche per la scelta in ambito socio-morale. In linea con il primo dei due modelli, i dati presenti in letteratura sembrano confermare l’esistenza di un singolo sistema cerebrale associato ai diversi tipi di scelta, indipendentemente dal contesto decisionale individuale vs. socio-morale. Parole chiave: Decision-making; Neuroeconomia; Neuroetica; Extended Common Currency Schema; Social Valutation Specific Schema From Neuroeconomy to Neuroethics: Towards a Neuroscience of Individual and Socio-Moral Decisions: Neuroeconomics and neuroethics are subfields of cognitive neuroscience that address the neural correlates of distinct, although strongly intertwined, facets of decision-making. While neuroeconomics investigates the neural mechanisms underlying the maximization of personal economic utility, neuroethics integrates such knowledge with that provided by social neurosciences, in order to address typical questions in ethics and moral philosophy. We review the available research to contrast the hypothesis that both individual economic and socio-moral choices rely on a common brain network receiving domain-specific inputs and the claim that a specific brain network underpins choices in a socio-moral context. In line with the former model, currently available evidence supports the existence of a single brain network associated with both choice types, regardless of the economic individual vs. socio-moral decisional context. Keywords : Decision-making; Neuroeconomics; Neuroethics; Extended Common Currency Schema; Social Valutation Specific Schema. (shrink)

This book’s main claim is that political art should not disregard questions of aesthetic reception and value. It argues that some neglected aspects of traditional aesthetics actually enhance the relationship between art and politics more than contemporary art theorists are keen to admit.

Topic modelling is a popular unsupervised method for text processing that provides interpretable document representation. One of the most high-level approaches is additively regularized topic models (ARTM). This method features better quality than other methods due to its flexibility and advanced regularization abilities. However, it is challenging to find an optimal learning strategy to create high-quality topics because a user needs to select the regularizers with their values and determine the order of application. Moreover, it may require many real runs (...) or model training which makes this task time consuming. At the current moment, there is a lack of research on parameter optimization for ARTM-based models. Our work proposes an approach that formalizes the learning strategy into a vector of parameters which can be solved with evolutionary approach. We also propose a surrogate-based modification which utilizes machine learning methods that makes the approach for parameters search time efficient. We investigate different optimization algorithms (evolutionary and Bayesian) and their modifications with surrogates in application to topic modelling optimization using the proposed learning strategy approach. An experimental study conducted on English and Russian datasets indicates that the proposed approaches are able to find high-quality parameter solutions for ARTM and substantially reduce the execution time of the search. (shrink)

Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie najciekawszego dokumentu szlacheckiego przechowywanego w zasobie Archiwum Państwowego w Opolu. Jest to zadanie trudne ze względu na mnogość oraz różnorodną tematykę rękopisów wystawianych przez członków śląskich rodów szlacheckich. Właściciele majątków swoimi pismami regulowali wiele kwestii dotyczących codziennego funkcjonowania poddanych, tj. określali wysokość podatków, nadzorowali sprzedaż ziemi, rozstrzygali spory, potwierdzali testamenty, a nawet poświadczali prawe urodzenie. Dbali również, by zarządzane przez nich ziemie posiadały stosowne przywileje oraz statuty. Oprócz sfery materialnej otaczali troską kwestie związane z (...) wyznawaną religią. Było to szczególnie widoczne w okresie rozwoju ruchu kontrreformacyjnego. Dlatego też w poniższym tekście przedstawiony zostanie dokument Georga III von Oppersdorffa, który bardzo aktywnie działał na polu rekatolizacji ziem śląskich. Prezentowany rękopis jest jedną z kilkunastu jednostek archiwalnych, na podstawie których można zobrazować sytuację ewangelików na terenie Śląska w XVII wieku. Dotychczas nie doczekał się on opracowania, podobnie jak pozostałe wskazane w tekście archiwalia. Analizując dostępną literaturę dotyczącą zarówno historii kontrreformacji na Śląsku, jak i samego miasta Głogówka, zaobserwować można niewielką liczbę wydanych publikacji oraz artykułów. Dlatego też prezentowany materiał stanowić ma zarówno przegląd dokumentów poświęconych losom protestantów na Śląsku, jak i zachętę do dalszego eksplorowania zasobu Archiwum Państwowego w Opolu przez badaczy historii regionu i dziejów rodów śląskich. (shrink)

Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie najciekawszego dokumentu szlacheckiego przechowywanego w zasobie Archiwum Państwowego w Opolu. Jest to zadanie trudne ze względu na mnogość oraz różnorodną tematykę rękopisów wystawianych przez członków śląskich rodów szlacheckich. Właściciele majątków swoimi pismami regulowali wiele kwestii dotyczących codziennego funkcjonowania poddanych, tj. określali wysokość podatków, nadzorowali sprzedaż ziemi, rozstrzygali spory, potwierdzali testamenty, a nawet poświadczali prawe urodzenie. Dbali również, by zarządzane przez nich ziemie posiadały stosowne przywileje oraz statuty. Oprócz sfery materialnej otaczali troską kwestie związane z (...) wyznawaną religią. Było to szczególnie widoczne w okresie rozwoju ruchu kontrreformacyjnego. Dlatego też w poniższym tekście przedstawiony zostanie dokument Georga III von Oppersdorffa, który bardzo aktywnie działał na polu rekatolizacji ziem śląskich. Prezentowany rękopis jest jedną z kilkunastu jednostek archiwalnych, na podstawie których można zobrazować sytuację ewangelików na terenie Śląska w XVII wieku. Dotychczas nie doczekał się on opracowania, podobnie jak pozostałe wskazane w tekście archiwalia. Analizując dostępną literaturę dotyczącą zarówno historii kontrreformacji na Śląsku, jak i samego miasta Głogówka, zaobserwować można niewielką liczbę wydanych publikacji oraz artykułów. Dlatego też prezentowany materiał stanowić ma zarówno przegląd dokumentów poświęconych losom protestantów na Śląsku, jak i zachętę do dalszego eksplorowania zasobu Archiwum Państwowego w Opolu przez badaczy historii regionu i dziejów rodów śląskich. (shrink)

The way in which the term "activity" is understood determines foundations for the logical theory of activity. Activity understood as performance of changes or forbearance of performing a change is an object of G. H. von Wright's logic of actions based on the logic of changes. Generalization of such treatment of activity is T. Kubiński's concept according to which it consists in adopting a specific attitude towards a change; an object of nth logic of actions is description of n attitudes (...) to changes. The distinction made between two main attitudes, out of which one expresses itself in activity and the other in its forbearance makes it necessary to specify more exactly the concept of forbearance. Analysis of this concept brings out strongly its ambiguity, it emphasizes the difference between non-activity and forbearance. Defining forbearance as non-activity in the situation, in which a possibility of activity did exist involves application of one of the modal concepts. The concepts in which forbearance is not taken into account constitute an argument justifying an assertion that forbearance cannot be expressed by the negation function. Attempts at formalization of intuitions connected with the term "forbearance of activity" show how deeply entangled it is in modal contexts, and even in deontic concepts if it is interpreted as "forbearance of activity". (shrink)

Especialmente tras la crisis sanitaria del COVID19, y luego económica y social, se ha manifestado como una realidad ineludible, la de la precariedad laboral en el ámbito de los trabajos de cuidado. Que, se ha de considerar innecesaria, si se atiende a la centralidad que se ha evidenciado que tiene en las nuevas construcciones sociales de la igualdad. La regulación jurídico laboral, de origen legal, pero también convencional, son causa y efecto de una infravaloración de este tipo de trabajos, eminentemente (...) desarrollados por mujeres, con efectos positivos directos en la empleabilidad de otras mujeres. (shrink)

The reflection proposed in this article aims to briefly consider philosophy and literature on the saga of Genoveva Pia in the early morning cadence of the drums of São Luís (1975), a novel by the great poet from Maranhão, Josué Montello (1917-2006), in which a narrative is made between fiction and the reality of the Brazilian colonial slave period on the historical soil of São Luís, Ma. To this end, the text is divided into two parts: firstly, it looks at (...) the dialectic between history as representative and memory as an actualizable, individual and collective phenomenon that takes shape between spaces, events, memories and forgetfulness and, secondly, it highlights the importance of the saga of the black woman Genoveva Pia, from persistence to resistance in welcoming, protecting and freeing the black men and women, recalling the ancestry of the freed black man Damião, the novel’s central character and narrator. (shrink)

This paper considers Cicero’s political and legal philosophy, focussing on the ciceronian concepts of republic, law and virtue, on which Cicero’s systematic construction of the State and the Right rests.

Equimetrical translation of verse, which conveys the metre of the source text, should be distinguished from equiprosodic translation of verse, which conveys theversification system of the source text. Equiprosodic translation of verse can rely on the possibilities of natural language (for instance, when presumably Publius Baebius Italicus created the Ilias Latina, he made use of the quantitative structure in Latin), but it can also employ an artificial system (cf., for example, the quantitative verse in Church Slavonic or English). The Estonian (...) language makes it possible to convey the syllabic (based on the number of syllables), accentual (based on the number and configuration of accents) and quantitative (based on the configuration of durations) versification systems. In practice, combined types are most frequent, for instance, the ones in which both the syllable count and the configuration of accents is relevant; in Estonian, versification systems with theparticipation of all three principles are possible as well. Despite the contrast of quantity in Estonian, the transmission of the quantitative structure of ancient metrics still involves a number of difficulties which result from differences in the prosodic structures. The transmission of purely syllabic versification system has also been problematic: it is hard to perceive such structure as verse in Estonian and therefore it has often been conveyed with the help of different syllabic-accentual or accentual-syllabic verse metres. Although equiprosodic translation is not necessarily equimetrical, in actual translation practice it usually is so. (shrink)

Socializamos aquí una experiencia llevada a cabo por un grupo de docentes, de nivel medio, que ha conformado un Equipo ESI. Nos referimos al Proyecto de Promotoras Estudiantiles de Género, que vibra en una escuela que se encuentra atravesada por un complejo entramado de relaciones sociales. El mismo, busca aportar a la construcción de un proyecto educativo que habite los intersticios de la escuela formal desde una pedagogía otra. El contexto en el que se encuentra inscripta la escuela, configura las (...) identidades estudiantiles, sobre las que recaen múltiples opresiones de género, clase, nacionalidad. Las juventudes subalternizadas que habitan esta escuela invitan a romper con la categoría monolítica de juventud, y ello implica un desafío para que nuestras prácticas docentes no reproduzcan, en términos de Guha un colonialismo discursivo. (shrink)

A large part of the Latin–American literature of the 19th and 20th century tried to deal with the national question intertwining different dimensions: the weight of colonial legacy, the cultural peculiarity of the nation and the inner relations between social classes and ethnic groups. Thinking the nation implied, in any case, to think the difference and the conflict with others, as well as the inner conflict and the logic of local colonialism. Analyzing some of these essays that played a central (...) role in such process of recasting the origin of the nation, the author moves around three main axes: the formulation of dualist writings (colonial/national; white /indigenous; civilization/wilderness), the issue of language (the language inherited from the colonial experience versus the multilingual nature of indigenous Latin American societies), and the hypothesis about the birth of the nation – appointed to different groups – and its normal functioning as legitimization of the order sprung from independences. (shrink)